Formulas of Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds form when positive and negative ions share electrons and form an ionic bond. The strong attraction between positive and negative ions often produce  crystalline solids that have high melting points. Ionic bonds form instead of covalent bonds when there is a large difference in electronegativity between the ions. The positive ion, called a cation, is listed first in an ionic compound formula, followed by the negative ion, called an anion. A balanced formula has a neutral electrical charge or net charge of zero. Determining the Formula of an Ionic Compound A stable ionic compound is electrically neutral, where electrons are shared between cations and anions to complete outer electron shells or octets. You know you have the correct formula for an ionic compound when the positive and negative charges on the ions are the same or cancel each other out. Here are the steps for writing and balancing the formula: Identify the cation ( the portion with a positive charge). It is the least electronegative (most electropositive) ion. Cations include metals and they are often located on the left-hand side of the periodic table.Identify the anion ( the portion with a negative charge). It is the most electronegative ion. Anions include halogens and nonmetals. Keep in mind, hydrogen can go either way, carrying either a positive or negative charge.Write the cation first, followed by the anion.Adjust the subscripts of the cation and anion so the net charge is 0. Write the formula using the smallest whole number ratio between the cation and anion to balance charge. If the charges of the cation and anion are equal (e.g., 1/-1, 2/-2, 3/-3), then combine the cation and anion in a 1:1 ratio. An example is potassium chloride, KCl. Potassium (K) has a 1- charge, while chlorine (Cl-) has a 1- charge. Note that you do not ever write a subscript of 1.If the charges on the cation and the anion are not equal, add subscripts as needed to the ions to balance the charge. The total charge for each ion is the subscript multiplied by the charge. Adjust the subscripts to balance charge. An example is sodium carbonate, Na2CO3. The sodium ion has a 1 charge, multiplied by the subscript 2 to get a total charge of 2. The carbonate anion (CO3-2) has a 2- charge, so there is no additional subscript.If you need to add a subscript to a polyatomic ion, enclose it in parentheses so it is clear the subscript applies to the entire ion and not to an individual atom. An example is aluminum sulfate, Al2(SO4)3. The parenthesis around the sulfate anion indicates three of the 2- sulfate ions are needed to balance 2 of the 3 charged aluminum cations. Examples of Ionic Compounds Many familiar chemicals are ionic compounds. A metal bonded to a nonmetal is a dead giveaway that youre dealing with an ionic compound. Examples include salts, such as table salt (sodium chloride or NaCl) and copper sulfate (CuSO4). Compound Name Formula Cation Anion lithium fluoride LiF Li+ F- sodium chloride NaCl Na+ Cl- calcium chloride CaCl2 Ca2+ Cl- iron(II) oxide FeO Fe2+ O2- aluminum sulfide Al2S3 Al3+ S2- iron(III) sulfate Fe2(SO3)3 Fe3+ SO32- Ionic Compound Formulas

Voltaires Candide Through My Present Day View Essay

The world as I see it is not perfect. In this present day and age there are some people that like to believe that god created a beautiful planet, but I believe the devil should receive some credit for its creation also. One of the world’s greatest satires, Candide by Voltaire, some characters feel the same way that I do. However others do not. Martin, a skeptic thinks this is not â€Å"the best of all possible worlds† (â€Å"Candide†102), as Dr. Pangloss would say. My present worldview is more close to the view of the eighteenth century character Martin, in the book Candide. Martin, an old philosopher who embarked with candide shows strong pessimistic views. Candide is pretty much a follower and is not a very intelligent man. He looks up to Dr.†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Candide8). This is one of the experiences that candide goes trough that makes it hard to believe that this was the best of all possible worlds, as Pangloss constantly assures him. Pers onally, I would accept this situation. This world is plagued with pestilences of great measure. I have had friends die of diseases and I just accept the fact that it happens. Earlier Candide falls in love with a woman named Cunegonde. Cunegonde dies, but comes back later on in the book. From meeting with Pangloss, Candide learns that Cunegonde died earlier. In a situation like that I would react as Candide did. However, death is a part of life. Sadly, in real life people just don’t come back a couple of weeks later. I have had many friends and family die, and I know how that feels. Later on in the book, in France (Candide XXII), Candide cheated on Cunegonde while she was supposedly sick in a hotel. It turned out that the woman in the bed was not Cunegonde. If I were in a scenario like that, where I am faced with a chance to cheat on a woman I loved I probably would not do it. I have cheated on various girlfriends before, but I hardly loved any of them. That is how messed up this world is. In Europe, Candide ran in a guantlet in Bulgaria. He was beat countless times by men. This situation shows how he is a follower, and a foolish man for going through something harmfull for no reason. â€Å"Instantly they fettered him, and carried him away to theShow MoreRelatedThe s Candide And The Old Woman Arrive Of Cadiz, And Of Their Embarkation1422 Words   |  6 PagesVoltaire’s Candide, or Optimism is widely regarded as a work of the enlightenment period and offers a satire on philosophy, religion and current events (of the time). This essay aims to provide an analysis of Chapter 10: In what distress Candide, Cunà ©gonde and the old woman arrive in Cadiz, and of their embarkation. Firstly considering terms of context this essay will look at the way knowledge of philosophy and attitudes towards women illuminate the readers understanding of the passage. 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The Practical Ways of Spending Money Free Essays

What is better? To spend money Saving and investing your money for the future is one of the most practical things you can do. This is solid advice, but when you do decide to spend your hard earned money it should be spent on something practical, useful, and meaningful to the wellbeing of your existence. So many people either save their money or blow it on worthless crap. We will write a custom essay sample on The Practical Ways of Spending Money or any similar topic only for you Order Now Here are some practical ways to spend your money on something useful: 1. Travel to See the Significant People in Your Life – There may be no better way to spend your money than to use it to nurture and rekindle personal relationships with the most significant people in your life. As time quickly passes, we sometimes forget how essential strong personal relationships are to our mental wellbeing. The older we get the more we need true friends and family to be regular parts of our lives. 2. Hire a Personal Trainer – Your health is your life. Without it, all the success and affluence in the world is meaningless. Committing yourself to a regular exercise routine is one of the best ways to maintain the health of your body and mind. Sometimes it’s hard to tackle this endeavor on your own. Spending money on a knowledgeable personal trainer who can set you on the right course creates priceless results. Make sure you stick with the trainer until you are committed to exercising on your own. 3. Fix What Is Broken – Have you been ignoring your screeching brakes? What about the excessively loud hum from your AC compressor? Or the scratching noise coming from your computer system? Sooner or later these small annoyances will wear down the reliability of the product and you will be left with a completely broken product instead of just a halfway broken one. Use your money wisely to fix and maintain your belongings. 4. Educate Yourself – Use your money to purchase educational courses or books pertaining to your career, or to a miscellaneous topic that interests and intrigues you. Remember, knowledge is power and your brain is the container of that knowledge. There are few options for spending money on something more practical than the development and facility of your brain. 5. Add Value to Your Home – Your home should be your sanctuary, the place on this planet where you feel the most comfortable. Adding value to your home , be it personal value or increased monetary value, is always a practical choice for spending your money. If the additions you make increase your level of comfort for years to come, you win. If they increase the value of the home to a third party someday when you sell, you win. If both occur, you win big. How to cite The Practical Ways of Spending Money, Essay examples

Tax Complexity and Tax Compliance

Question: Discuss about the Tax Complexity and Tax Compliance. Answer: Introduction: From the considered case study, it was gathered that Hillary is famous for mountain climbing and is a taxpayer. Based on Section 393-10 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 it is gathered that presence of service delivery is important for a certain agreement. From the case study, it was evident that the photographs that consisted of stry manuscript as sold by Hillary. It was evident from the case study that Hillary sold few photographs that is aligned with overall story manuscript. For such reasons, certain depicted items were considered being adjudged the personal assets of Hillary. Brent v FCT (1971) 125 CLR 418 case study explained that, for attaining normal income treatment adequate sales goal must be accomplished. Due to this reason, sale of adequate assets must be ensured as Capital Gains Tax (CGT). If personal life story was narrated by Hillary, that will explain the transfer of ownership related with copyright and can be taken into account as CGT conducts. Considering the same, S-15-2 of Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 explained that income could not be gathered from any agreement (Saad 2014). Along with the interest charges, the total loan amount is expected to be paid within two years. For this reason, the overall amount paid to the consumers is $4,000 ($40,000 x 5% per year x 2 years).Within such situation, it can be mentioned that there has been a great demand from the part of the parent for the interest amount payment. The consumer considered forfeiting the amount of loan that assumes the need for trading the additional interest income payment. An amount of $4,000 can be collected from assessable income with tax considerations as per the Section 6 subsection (5) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 in the form of interest income. Considering the same, Section 6 Subsection 5 explained that ordinary income includes a great amount of money (Tran-Nam, Evans and Lignier 2014). The capital gain or loss, which becomes available from sale of building, is gauged in consideration to point that takes place from the building sale is calculated relied on the points are mentioned under: Land acquisition date: Case study about Hillary explained that on 20th September 1985 was the date on which purchase of a property took place. Considering the same, such property sale falls under CGT asset category that considers property sale accountable to CGT taxation (Eccleston and Warren 2015). The calculation of CST was conducted on proper selling of any residential property. Due to the fact, a residential place expected selling price is computed as $320,000 [$800,000 x $60,000/ ($60,000 + $90,000)]. Along with the similar case, Scott has considered CGT calculation with increased help gathered from two important techniques. This also needs to select among the two techniques that can help in reducing payment of tax (Brown, Handley and O'Day 2015).The above points explained that total capital loss or gain from the sale of rental property is explained below: From the aforementioned table, it might be gathered that Scott requires to deal with lower tax payments if the tax payments to experience the discounted method. For such reason, recognition from rental property selling for the tax period will be $130,000 (Daley and Coates 2015). Hillary case study explained that property-selling auction takes place along with carrying out selling of assets. Moreover, the auctions sale price might be deemed as the assets market price. In such scenario, total capital gain can be found out from property sale to its daughter (Richardson, Taylor and Lanis 2013). As per the offered circumstance, it has been anticipated that a company serves as the property owner. For such reasons, capital gain calculation can be carried out by means of indexation technique. In such circumstances, total capital gain can be found after rental property can be $222,945. References: Brown, C., Handley, J. and O'Day, J., 2015. The dividend substitution hypothesis: Australian evidence.Abacus,51(1), pp.37-62. Daley, J. and Coates, B., 2015.Property taxes. Grattan Institute. Eccleston, R. and Warren, N., 2015. The devil is in the detail: the distributional consequences of personal income tax sharing in the Australian federation. Faccio, M. and Xu, J., 2015. Taxes and capital structure.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,50(03), pp.277-300. Gutman, H.L., 2016. The Saga of Unfulfilled Business Income Tax Reform.Temp. L. Rev.,89, p.267. Richardson, G., Taylor, G. and Lanis, R., 2013. The impact of board of director oversight characteristics on corporate tax aggressiveness: An empirical analysis.Journal of Accounting and Public Policy,32(3), pp.68-88. Richardson, G., Taylor, G. and Lanis, R., 2013. The impact of board of director oversight characteristics on corporate tax aggressiveness: An empirical analysis.Journal of Accounting and Public Policy,32(3), pp.68-88. Rimmer, X., Smith, J. and Wende, S., 2014. The incidence of company tax in Australia.Economic Round-up, (1), p.33. Saad, N., 2014. Tax knowledge, tax complexity and tax compliance: Taxpayers view.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,109, pp.1069-1075. Tran-Nam, B., Evans, C. and Lignier, P., 2014. Personal taxpayer compliance costs: Recent evidence from Australia.Austl. Tax F.,29, p.137.